Dietetic Technician Practice Test

An intervention aimed at modifying which of the following risk factors will reduce cardiovascular risk?

1. Age, cigarette smoking, obesity

2. High fat diet, hypertension, cigarette smoking

3. Diabetes, homocysteine, alcohol consumption

4. Family history, LDL cholesterol, physical inactivity

The correct answer is: High fat diet, hypertension, cigarette smoking

Modifying high-fat diet, hypertension, and cigarette smoking is critical in reducing cardiovascular risk. A high-fat diet, especially one rich in saturated and trans fats, can lead to increased LDL cholesterol levels, which is a significant contributor to the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. Hypertension, or high blood pressure, puts additional strain on the heart and blood vessels, increasing the risk of heart attack and stroke. Cigarette smoking is also a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular disease as it damages the lining of blood vessels, reduces oxygen in the blood, and drives inflammation, all of which contribute to cardiovascular harm. While age is a non-modifiable risk factor, cigarette smoking and obesity are key areas where intervention can lead to substantial improvements in cardiovascular health. Though the other options include important risk factors, the combination in choice B directly addresses three critical and modifiable risk factors linked to cardiovascular outcomes.